General principles for the pronunciation of the languages of Firraksnarre

General Rules

Unless otherwise noted, the diacritics and special characters used in the transliteration of the languages of Firraksnarre should be pronounced as follows:

• Vowels with macron (e.g. ā, ē, etc.) denote long vowels.

• Diaræsis marks (used in e.g. ü, ö) denote the fronted or sometimes raised quality of the vowel.

• š [ʃ], č [tʃ], ǧ [dʒ].

• ṣ [ts]

• c [c]

• ch [x]

Othba'aran, To'on and other Tiḥebic languages

• Stop consonants with lines below (e.g. ḏ [ð]) denote the homorganic fricative counterparts of the unmarked letter.

• ḥ [ħ]

Artíjihàk

• Acute accent denotes íthí àwa, or the 'sharp vowels'.

• Grave accent denotes ennon àwa, or the 'dull vowels'.

• Diaræsis denotes not the fronted/raised vowels, but merely a vowel belonging to a separate syllable from the one preceding it.

Old Varokeřim

• Vowels with circumflex accent (e.g. â, ê, etc.) denote long vowels.

• ġ [ɣ], ř [ʀ].

• ḥ [x ~ χ]